What should we care about when make PCBA quotations

To be PCB a trader with good performance, as we all known, you must be a good negotiator, negotiate with your customer to make a deal with reasonable profit, negotiate with your boss to offer a best price for your client ,make a win-win deal and then develop long-time business relationship.

However, is that enough? No, that’s far from enough. To make a win-win deal and sustain long-time relationship is not that easy. You must also be a professional and careful person that can care and deal with every order details precisely. Otherwise, it’s easy for you to lose a valuable potential customer.

Take my own experience for example. I am a PCB trader. There once a time I met with a customer that need my quotation for a musical PCBA. After my quotation, he is satisfied with the price for mass production and would like to make some samples for 5 units PCBA , but the price we offered is much higher than his target price. After several days negotiation, to promote our first deal, our boss decided to do a losing deal and agreed his target price. I feel so thrilled and replied to my customer, later asked me for PI of PCB prototype and mass production.

However, after the PI, the customer reflected that the price for mass production is not acceptable as he later received many quotations from other PCB suppliers that offer much lower than mine. I have a double check with my purchaser and confirm the last price we can offer which is still much higher than customers’ target price. At that time, I feel very angry and thought it is probably that the client is playing a trick with me and use this way to bargain with us.

This time I am very firm and decided to left him alone for several days, hope he can compromise. However, I didn’t receive any feedback since then. About 1 week later, I sent an email again to confirm the last price he can accept, he replied and still gave me the same price which is much higher than our best price. At that time, I began to feel doubted again on my quotation, so I decided to confirm the component cost with our purchaser and supplier one by one. At last, we found that there is a part that the supplier quoted a wrong price which is 20 times higher than the original one. I replied and apologize to the client immediately, however, it’s too late, the supplier has already co-operated with another PCB assembly factory.

So as a PCB trader, when you deal with PCBA project, you must be clear about the BOM list and have a general concept of the price for every electronic parts. Sometimes, the supplier or purchaser may quote wrongly inevitably, with related knowledge equipped, it will be much easier for you to recognize the error and avoid losing a good and valuable customer.

How to follow a new customer

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For many new sales, they find that it is hard to start a new business with a new customer. They always make things worse when make a quote , or make a negotiation to their customer. So today we are going to talk about this.

Generally speaking, one would begin to send developing e-mail to customer. Time by time, some customers would give you some feedback. They would ask for an inquiry from you. For example, you are selling PCB and PCBA. They would send to the gerber files and bom list to quote. If you can insist to this step. You have got the key to the success. What you need to do is evaluating the files and make a reasonable price for your customers. But most of the time , when you send the quotation and then you get nothing from you customers. This bothers many of the sales. When this happens one and another. It would beat down the sales sometimes and make them begin to be passive and don’t know how to follow a new customer, even someone begins to lose confidence on himself.

So we need to do something to change this situation. Firstly, as a sale, you should keep a active attitude all the time. You send 1000 e-mail one day and get one feedback, even nothing back. You may tell to yourself that it is normal. Maybe the customers have too many e-mail to deal with and don’t note your e-mail. Maybe your e-mail can’t get to your customers’ server. These things happen everyday in every moment. So you need to try to write a good title of the developing e-mail to attract customers’ eyes. And keep send e-mails everyday. Secondly, when you make a quote to customers, you should evaluate this customer at first before you make a quote. You should know where is the customer and why he needs your PCB and PCBA. And then you make a reasonable for your customers. You know in Europe and American countries, you may make a higher quote ,but in Africa and India， you can’t do like that. So evaluating your customers should comes first. Thirdly, you should keep frequently sending your e-mails or make a phone call to your customers. Choose the working time to send or call and don’t make a disturbing to clients. Be polite and easy going to your customers in call to make a good impress. Last one rule, don’t be rude even if you cann’t make a agreement with your customers. Just keep in good contacting with your customers and maybe he would give you order in the next time.

Finally, the most important one, you should keep on doing the above four rules and i believe that one day you would success.

How to design a PCB( Printed Circuit Board ) ?

WDF-FPC-M-37,4 layer,wonderfulpcb.com

Initially PCBs were designed manually by creating a photomask on a clear mylar sheet, usually at two or four times the true size. Starting from the schematic diagram the component pin pads were laid out on the mylar and then traces were routed to connect the pads. Rub-on dry transfers of common component footprints increased efficiency. Traces were made with self-adhesive tape. Pre-printed non-reproducing grids on the mylar assisted in layout. To fabricate the board, the finished photomask was photolithographically reproduced onto a photoresist coated on the blank copper-clad boards.

Nowadays PCBs are designed with dedicated layout software, generally in the following steps:

1.Schematic capture through an electronic design automation (EDA) tool.

2.Card dimensions and template are decided based on required circuitry and case of the PCB.

3.The positions of the components and heat sinks are determined.

4.Layer stack of the PCB is decided, with one to tens of layers depending on complexity. Ground and power planes are decided. A power plane is the counterpart to a ground plane and behaves as an AC signal ground while providing DC power to the circuits mounted on the PCB. Signal interconnections are traced on signal planes. Signal planes can be on the outer as well as inner layers. For optimal EMI performance high frequency signals are routed in internal layers between power or ground planes.

5.Line impedance is determined using dielectric layer thickness, routing copper thickness and trace-width. Trace separation is also taken into account in case of differential signals. Microstrip, stripline or dual stripline can be used to route signals.

6.Components are placed. Thermal considerations and geometry are taken into account. Vias and lands are marked.

7.Signal traces are routed. Electronic design automation tools usually create clearances and connections in power and ground planes automatically.

8.Gerber files are generated for manufacturing.

For further detailes, please contact wonderful09@wonderfulpcb.com.

How to customize a PCB ?

As a customer of PCB industry, you may often ask: How can I customize a PCB board? Why can’t the PCB manufacturer ( or PCBA manufacturer ) follow my requirements?

Actually, you should ask yourself first: Have I got a design document?

Well, to customize a PCB board, you need to offer a design document first which is called a “Gerber file”, it is used to describe your requirements for the PCB board you’d like to customize.

What will be contained in a Gerber file?

① Layer count
② Delivery size
③ Surface finished (such as: HASL, ENIG)
④ Material (such as: FR1, FR4,FR2, CEM-1)
⑤ Board thickness
⑥ Copper thickness
⑦ Solder mask

Items above, they make it each other possible. Otherwise, it may cost engineering problems.

Is it absolutely necessary to have a Gerber file?

Fortunately, it is not if you happened to have a sample PCB board and want a large number of that. You simply send the sample PCB board to the PCB manufacturer works for you, and then all you need to do is enjoying a short wait until the PCB manufacturer send back a host of PCBs, each one of which is the same as the one you send to them.

For PCBA, a BOM list ( BOM-Bill of material ) is necessary during customization.

Pay attention that you should make sure the list providing as many details as possible about the used materials. Otherwise, it may cost engineering problems.

In conclusion, if you want to customize a PCB board or get some PCBA services, you need to find a high quality, experienced PCB manufacturer or PCBA manufacturer and offer your Gerber file, sample PCB board, or BOM list as your requirements.

WONDERFULPCB.COM

The deep BAF process for PCB waste water (3)

3.2 BAF impact on the rest of the water quality indicators

3.2.1 wastewater pH changes

raw water after the factory original coagulation precipitation process preliminary treatment, when entering the BAF system average pH 9.0, basic on the verge of overweight and direct emissions may be the cause of river pollution, soil alkalization, etc. Using BAF process, due to the microbial nitrification system consumes basicity (mainly NH4 +) in waste water, the water pH basic remain at around 7.9, standard ensures water at any time.

3.2.2 the change of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater

Wastewater after treated with BAF system declined, of ammonia nitrogen in water by 19.86 mg/L fell to 13.89 mg/L, but has yet to reach discharge standards, this is due to the best of nitrifying bacteria, proliferation and survival temperature is 25 ℃, while during the experiment system in a row after the water temperature maintained in 11 ~ 16 ℃, under the temperature of BAF in the growth and activity of nitrifying bacteria is restrained, resulting in poor ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency.

3.2.3 waste water in copper complexing state changes

The copper ammonia wastewater mainly complex ion (Cu (NH3) 2 + 4) exist, Cu2 + is very little.BAF role to eliminate the Cu complex in from [Cu (NH3) 2 + 4) isolated Cu2 +, OH - from their response to that of the wastewater generated Cu (OH) 2 precipitate, which was BAF biological flocculation adsorption.

BAF process in the wastewater Cu complexing state overall declining (1.40 mg/L to 0.82 mg/L), but the water was not up to standard. This is because the BAF nitrification and the Cu (OH) 2 is the best temperature flocculation adsorption 20 ~ 30 ℃, and the system straight into the water after the water temperature maintained at 11 ~ 16 ℃, seriously inhibit the adsorption of biofilm activity, lead to the removal of Cu effect is not very ideal.

4. Conclusion

(1) using the depth of the BAF process a printed circuit board factory PCB wastewater treatment, when the water COD load of 0.12 kg/(m3 · d), average inlet COD is 187.8 mg/L, the process average effluent COD can be dropped to 41.8 mg/L; When water COD load up to 0.36 kg/(m3 · d), the average COD water can also fell to 42.1 mg/L, fully meet the local relatively strict wastewater discharge standard requirements.

(2) Because the backwash water quality to suit the requirements of discharge standards, emissions should be to adjust the pool to processing. Backwash cycle is about 15 d.



(3) During the experiment temperature is 11 ~ 16 ℃, BAF in the growth and activity of nitrifying bacteria is restrained, flocculation adsorption activity of the biofilm, ammonia nitrogen and complexing state Cu removal effect is not very ideal. Need to consider to take corresponding measures to improve the filter water temperature or appropriate to ammonia nitrogen in water and Cu for further processing.

Flex circuits

Flex circuits are often used as connectors in various applications where flexibility, space savings, or production constraints limit the serviceability of rigid circuit boards or hand wiring. A common application of flex circuits is in computer keyboards; most keyboards use flex circuits for the switch matrix.
In LCD fabrication, glass is used as a substrate. If thin flexible plastic or metal foil is used as the substrate instead, the entire system can be flexible, as the film deposited on top of the substrate is usually very thin, on the order of a few micrometres.
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are normally used instead of a back-light for flexible displays, making a flexible organic light-emitting diode display.
Most flexible circuits are passive wiring structures that are used to interconnect electronic components such as integrated circuits, resistor, capacitors and the like, however some are used only for making interconnections between other electronic assemblies either directly or by means of connectors.
In the automotive field, flexible circuits are used in instrument panels, under-hood controls, circuits to be concealed within the headliner of the cabin, and in ABS systems. In computer peripherals flexible circuits are used on the moving print head of printers, and to connect signals to the moving arm carrying the read/write heads of disk drives. Consumer electronics devices make use of flexible circuits in cameras, personal entertainment devices, calculators, or exercise monitors.
Flexible circuits are found in industrial and medical devices where many interconnections are required in a compact package. Cellular telephones are another widespread example of flexible circuits.
Flexible solar cells have been developed for powering satellites. These cells are lightweight, can be rolled up for launch, and are easily deployable, making them a good match for the application. They can also be sewn into backpacks or outerwear.

If you need expert flexible PCB service, please contact wonderful02@wonderfulpcb.com.

Concept to PCB copy

1、Precision of PCB material copy
To copy board accuracy problem, depends on two links, one is the accuracy of software, one is the original image accuracy, for precision of software using 32-bit precision floating-point representation can say there is no limit, so the main depends on the original scanning image accuracy, for example, if with pictures of 1 million pixels making can wash 5 inch photos, but if you want to wash it into 20 inches of photographs that simply can't see clearly, is the same reason, so for a high precision circuit board, to take out very high precision PCB diagram, be about to choose when scanning high DPI.
  
The significance of DPI is how many points per inch.That is scanned by the distance between every two points on the image is 1000 / DPI, unit mil.

If is 400 DPI, then the distance between two points on image is 1000/400 = 2.5 mil, that is to say at this time the accuracy is 2.5 mil.   
This is the basis of the most scientific, so someone said that the precision can reach 1 mil, it is a prerequisite.Actually copy plate precision mainly depends on the original scan precision.

To sum up, when scanning the board set DPI is based on the actual boards on the required accuracy, if the accuracy requirement, such as mobile phone board spacing under 1 mil, then you need to scan DPI should be set in more than 1000 DPI.Currently on the market the scanner can satisfy this condition.

The higher the DPI, and clear images, the accuracy is higher, but the disadvantage is that the picture is too big, higher requirements for hardware, so according to particular case is particular Settings.400 dpi commonly used for the average accuracy of the board is very good, such as mobile phone board can be set in more than 1000 dpi.   

2、PCB copy board type
Some proposed can copy the board that in a moment, it sounds more dangerous, in fact as long as copy board software can open and save PROTEL PCB file directly, all placed element attribute fully supports the PROTEL format, including placement, can take out any type of boards.
  
3、PCB copy board software selection  
Copy board software quality mainly depends on the function is complete, it is best to copy all work on board in the software to do it, so efficiency is high, including the placement of components for best support PROTEL99SE, currently 99 se components library is very rich, can be downloaded to the Internet.This is also a key thing, depend on the era of handmade element is in the past, as many as there are as many as hundreds of BGP components encapsulation of elements, by hand and then to build components cost too much.To design a circuit to circuit is stable and reliable, usually copper mass and power or ground connection, which can reduce the noise and interference circuit.So involve the issue of network spread of copper, for complex circuit board, copper above there are a lot of the shop is to connect also has many is isolated, so bad if solve this problem, the shop copper will not be able to realize, so it must define the network to spread copper (" connected to the same network, different network isolation "), simply fill in all the copper sheet that is the end of the road.This is also a key problem of measuring copy board software.  

4、The grinding plate
For sandwich plate, the middle layer is not directly scanning, to copy the sandwich plate must be grinding layers, so copy profes sional bound to scrap a board.  

Current methods is the best way to use good grinding machine and manual grinding with yarn paper, using the latter method is one of the lowest cost method, sand paper is everywhere on the market can buy ordinary sandpaper, remember to sandpaper, grinding fine sand paper is difficult to move.      

Method is simple, the board according to the level of good use sand paper to grind hard, if there is a large piece of copper available forceps can pull off directly, or use flat fell a few times of grinding hard grind, then use sand paper to grind material.

Grinding plate isn't any technical content, are purely empirical, grinding a piece of sandwich plate.

PCB Replacement and Repair

The world is changing and technology is always changing too! But sometimes there are certain components which need some minor tweaks and changes to last even longer throughout the years. This can even happen with a client's manufactured electronic products when they need to be upgraded to a newer manufactured device.

When this happens, your manufacturer can help with the entire process of helping all of your clients to prevent sluggish PCB systems. However, there are other reasons why a PCB needs to be repaired, other than having to upgrade the entire system.

Wonderful PCB (HK) Limited is a professional PCB manufacturer with assembly line in house. It provides high quality PCB with good after-sale service. In face of complainant from clients, Wonderful PCB provides completed after-sale service including PCB replacement or repair.

Saving Time, Money & Repairing Defects

When you're going to ship out huge batch orders of units, sometimes taking the extra time to keep account of all of the components and making sure that every single component are finely assembled on the PCB board. And make sure every single one doesn't have a defect which can be very time consuming. However, you can save time from having to recall certain parts or dealing with defunct PCBs by Wonderful PCB when they can correct a design flaw to make sure PCB-repair the system isn't running slow.

This is also good for you, because it means your own clients utilizing PCBs won't be complaining about sluggish systems that can cost them time and money too. You can also implement cost effective solutions when a PCB manufacturer needs to be repaired, which can mean not having to replace an entire batch order and do a complete redesign simply because of a minor defect that can be repaired by the manufacturer.

New Software, New Repairs

When your PCB components and software are due for a brand new update, please don't worry more about it: Wonderful PCB can take care of everything. Sometimes software on the PCB can become slow and sluggish when it is new and the platform it is running on is older than the software itself, making it frustrating for all parties involved.

You or your clients using the PCB components need to stay up with all of the latest software, especially when everything is becoming so fast paced in the technology industry as is. PCB board repair can ensure that everything is fast, highly responsive, and in working order with the best components available on the market.

However, PCB repair and replacement which does mean that the entire batch order will need to be repaired in order to ensure that the software continues to run seamlessly and smoothly. This can take some time to do with bigger orders, but like mentioned earlier, the investment in PCB repair services creates better time management in the long run.

Aluminum board process-B

5.4 board inspection
5.4.1 line surface must be in accordance with the requirements of the MI to check all the content.
5.4.2 must check on aluminum surface, aluminum surface dry film cannot have film falls and broken.
5.5 etching
5.5.1 for copper base is commonly 4 oz, will there is a certain difficulty in etching.First plate must be approved by the captain in person to do board, made in the spot check, line width, line spacing should be strengthened once every 10 PNL plate spot check line width, and make records.
5.5.2 recommended parameters: speed: 7 ~ 11 dm/min pressure: 2.5 kg/cm2 proportion: 25 be temperature: 55 ℃ (the above parameters are for reference only, the test plate results shall prevail)
5.5.3 back membrane should be paid attention to the time of the control between 4 ~ 6 min, because aluminium will reaction with NaOH, but also must ensure that the membrane clean, backing down membrane liquid membrane was not allowed to turn up the heat.No protective film of the plate, aluminum, from liquid membrane in the back up after the board will not stay to wash water on a board in time of liquid membrane, prevent the alkali corrosion of aluminum pcb surface.  
5.6 corrosion inspection
5.6.1 normal board.
5.6.2 it is forbidden to use the blade repair line, in order to avoid injury and dielectric layer.
5.7 the solder mask
5.7.1 production process:
Brush copper surface grinding plate (only) to screen printing green oil (the first), and preliminary drying screen printing green oil (second) and the preliminary drying - exposure and development - plate mill, the acid pickling process. Under the soft brush - after curing -
5.7.2 reference parameters:
5.7.2.1 yarn used 36 t + 100 t
First 75 ℃ 5.7.2.2 x 20-30 min;The second 75 ℃ x 20-30 min
5.7.2.3 exposure: 60/65 (single) 9 ~ 11
5.7.2.4 enhancement: speed: 1.6 ~ 1.8 m/min pressure: 3.0 kg/m2 (total pressure)
5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.   
5.8 HASL
5.8.1 spray before tin for aluminum plate with protective film tear protective film after spray tin.    
5.8.2 edge with both hands, it is strictly prohibited by hand directly touch the plate (especially aluminum surface).
5.8.3 operation, fight chafed.
5.8.4 tin cookie sheet before 130 ℃, 1 hour, and baking sheet to spray tin interval time less than 10 minutes.In order to avoid temperature difference cause a layered with ink.    
5.8.5 rework plate spray is only allowed to return once, if more than one board, to distinguish for special treatment.    
5.9 aluminum surface passivation treatment
5.9.1 level passivation process: (1) scrubbing brush (500 #) to (2) water - > (3) passivation, (4) washing the x 3-5. Dry - 6 drying
Note: (1) grinding plate: only aluminum surface grinding, FR4 parameter grinding plate.First board to check line no scratches, as well as the tin cried, uniform grinding crack.
(3)passivation: potion ingredients open cylinder quantity cylinder volume liquid temperature control concentration spraying in tank pressurization rate
Na2CO3 (CP) 50 g / 6500 g l, 130 l, 40 ~ 50 ℃ 2.0 ~ 3.0 1.0 ~ 1.5 m/min effective soaking time 10 ~ 15 s 100 m2 CP (K2CrO4) 15 g/l,  1950 g NaOH (CP) 390 g, 3 g/l
6 drying: 80 ~ 90 ℃.
Tyle = "the oledata.mso - spacerun: 'yes', the font size: 10.5000 pt; the font-family:" tahoma "; "> 5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.   
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.  

Global And China FPCB Industry Report, 2014

In 2013, FPCB industry enjoyed a high-speed growth with the market size approximating USD12.03 billion, up 16.2% from the level in 2012. The South Korean vendors developed rapidly and were excessively upbeat about the industry’s outlook, aggressively expanding capacity starting from the very beginning of 2012. As a result, most of new capacity was available in Q2 2013. However, the FPCB companies in South Korea without diversified customers, were heavily dependent on the key accounts such as Samsung and LG, thus making them less competitive during negotiations. Therefore, these vendors cut the prices steeply in Q4 2013, sending them into price war.

In 2014, price decline continued to deteriorate, which led to a sharp fall in revenue of South Korean vendors. The implications of high-speed capacity expansion are high fixed costs, which would thus result in a plunge in profit margin. It is projected that the revenue of INTERFLEX, a leading South Korean FPCB company, would tumble by 50%, and its operating margin would record a 27% loss in 2014 in contrast to no-profit-no-loss in 2013. Additionally, affected by the order shift of Apple, the company has hardly received any orders from Apple in 2014.

Another pressure for the vendors in South Korea came from the depreciated yen, and the won appreciated against the yen. However, the Japanese products have better performance; coupled with the reduced prices bought on by yen depreciation, they are more competitive.

Apple shortened the supply chain, giving more of its orders to the vendors in Taiwan, which resulted in a fall in revenue of M-Flex, at an estimated 20% drop in 2014. And as the losses expand, M-Flex’s operating margin is expected to slip from -8.4% in 2013 to -11.8%.

Despite a substantial decline in revenue of the South Korean vendors, the biggest customer of FPCB market—Apple did not bring down the purchase price. Meanwhile, the new iPhones have bigger size and therefore need more FPCBs. Consequently, the vendors in Taiwan and Japan saw a big increase in revenue, thereby filling in the vacuum. We predict that in 2014 the market size of FPCB worldwide reached USD12.608 billion, up 4.8% from 2013.

Of the Taiwanese vendors, ZDT generated the most revenue. ZDT under Hon Hai obtained more of the orders from Apple. It is forecasted that its revenue will jump by 55% to USD1.518 billion in 2014, overtaking Japan’s SEI as the world's second. In contrast, the world’s first NOK reduced the capacity in Japan, instead expanded the capacity in Thailand and Mainland China, which helped not only substantially increase its revenue but also rapidly turn out of red. At the same time, the global HDD market tends to be stable, with the shipments rising mildly from 2013. The HDD for FPCB is the main product of NOK, an Apple's leading supplier.

We project that in 2015 smartphones will present a slowing growth, tablet PCs will begin to decline, notebook computers will grow slightly or be flat. Moreover, LCD-TVs are expected to grow by a small margin. And wearable devices are very likely to rise significantly, but its application of FPCB is too small to fuel the market. In 2015, it is more than likely that LCD-TV will be the mainstay to drive the market. And after 6-8 years of popularization, LCD-TV is expected to undergo a boom of TV set replacement. And consumers will choose 4K TV with higher resolution or change the original smaller 32-37 inch television to 40-42 inch television.

We expect that it will be very hard for the South Korean vendors to reverse the downtrend when Samsung’s mobile phone shipments slow down and its LCD shipments are falling with losses. It is more likely that the South Korean vendors will suffer collapse, while the companies from Japan and China’s Taiwan will benefit from it, especially Japanese ones that had improved the competitiveness after the repeated depreciation of yen.

If you are looking for Quick turn PCB,Rapid design board,please contact us:

Shenzhen Wonderful Technology Co.,Ltd

Website: http://www.wonderfulpcb.com/

PCB, CCL application CQC authentication problem solving-（2）---Wonderful PCB (hk) Limited

(5) China quality certification center after receiving the test results, according to the requirements of relevant procedure contact the applicant for factory inspection for the first time (if already held CQC certification, and effective certificate does not need to factory inspection) for the first time.
6 China quality certification center, after receipt of the sample test report and factory inspection report. Enterprise certification fee. After evaluation of qualified product certification certificate.
5, the new measures, the factory to supervise and inspect the frequency change? What are the specific requirements of factory inspection?
Answer: on May 16, 2008, the revision (CQC logo certification of special rules, the factory to supervise and inspect the amended by once a year to once every quarter; for the specific requirements of the factory inspection can view the CQC logo certification of special rules annex 7 requirements of factory quality assurance ability.
6 what are the main cost, application CQC?
A: in general, is the cost of main application CQC: application fee: 600 yuan/zhang, approved registration fee: RMB 1000 / sheet; : please according to the requirements of the enterprise application project, category, such as case, determine the bid; As defined by the scale of factory factory inspection fee for the first time: (RMB 3000 / per person). The final payment by CQC notice shall prevail.
7, application considerations of CQC standard sample production?

Dear my friend,
We will attend AsiaWorld-Expo Apr.11-14th and OCT.11-14th 2015. We sincerely invite you

to attend it with us together. Hope we can meet you in Hongkong soon.
Booth Number: 9C27/ 9G24
Time: Apr.11-14th and OCT.11-14th, 2015
Address: AsiaWorld-Expo in Hong Kong
http://www.wonderfulpcb.com/
                                        Wonderful PCB (HK) Limited

WonderfuI Printed Circuit Board

    Flying Probe Tester is a test PCB manufacturing environment system. Instead of using the conventional on-line testing machine all conventional needle bed (bed-of-nails) interface, flying probe test uses four to eight independent control of the probe, is moved to the test element. In the measurement unit (UUT, unit under test) supplied to the testing machine by a belt or other transmission system UUT. Followed by fixing the probe tester to test pad (test pad) and a via hole (via) was tested for in a single element measuring means (UUT) is. Test probe connected via multiplexing (multiplexing) to the drive system (signal generator, power supply, etc.) and sensor (DMM, frequency counter, etc.) to the test element on the UUT. When a component is being tested, and other components on the UUT through the probe electrically shielded to prevent interference readings (Figure 1).
    Flying Probe Tester can check the short circuit, open circuit and component values. On the flying probe test also uses a camera to help locate the missing elements. With a camera to check the direction clear element shapes, such as polar capacitors. With the probe positioning accuracy and repeatability reach 5-15 micron range, flying probe tester can accurately detect UUT.
    Flying Probe Test solve a lot of the current problems in PCB assembly to see, such as the lack of a model in the development of gold (golden standard board). Problems may take up to 4-6 weeks also includes test development cycle; about $ 10,000- $ 50,000 a fixture development costs; not less economically test production; and the inability to quickly test the prototype (prototype) assembly. These cases illustrate, the traditional test-bed tester lack of low cost production system; lack of a quick test prototype assembly cover; and can not test to shield assembly.
    Because the ability to have close contact with the UUT shielding ability and help reach the market faster (time-to-market), the flying probe test is an invaluable resource production. Further, since no test development engineer experienced, the system can be considered as having the added value of savings in equipment and time savings and other benefits of manpower.

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful PCB Limited
NO.32A,Building NO.1, XianDaiC hengHuaTing,ChuangYeRoad|NanShan District,ShenZhen City 518054|  China  T +86-755-86229518-806 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful08@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-07   |                                                   
Welcome to our trading shows:
1.Booth: L32,Expo Electronic 2013,Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO,Moscow,Russia
2.Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources  Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
3.Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th,2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
4.Booth: 70206, CES  2014  Jan,8th-11th in Las Vegas, USA

PCB Assembly Introduction

There are two process for manufacturer to do PCB assembly.
Below picture show controle base plate(PCBA) exist everywhere in our house appliances. 
Process of PCB assembly fabrication
(1) . Traditional DIP process
(2) . SMT process

Here first is the introduction of the process of DIP today.
1 . Traditional DIP process to Flexible pcb assembly means inserting the parts which with leg into the PTH hole of PCB.
2 . And then pass the PCB through tin soldering machine, to reach the purpose of soldering tin.                               

The structure of tin soldering machine

The structure of flux tank


The function of foamed pipe in flux tank
1. To air through the tiny holes on the foam tube body, causing numerous of air bubbles, with the number of air bubbles to cleave with flux, by metal accumulation, contact from the bottom of the base board and achieve the function of the flux coating, and then extra flux be strike off by air knife, and make flux distributed uniformly at the bottom of the base plate.

Method of flux coating
1. Bubble type flux coating
2. Wave type flux coating
3. Spray type flux coating

Hello I also would like to make simple introduction on flux which is used for assembly

A. The function of Flux
1. Remove the oxide on the surface of part and substrate
2.Reduce the surface tension of the solder and promote the flow of the solder
3.To protect the surface of the metal, avoid it to be oxidized under the environment of high temperature.

B. The main ingredients of flux
1.Rosin: it is refined from the grease of pine tree.
2.surfactant : Because of the gentle characteristics of rosin, it is not easy to remove the oxide, thus must add surfactant in order to enhance its effect.
3. Solvent: Dissolve and blend solid state material like rosin and surfactant, general multi-purpose isopropyl alcohol or ethylene glycol.
4. In addition, there are interface active agent, foaming agent and other ingredients

C. Variety of flux.
(1) Rosin flux :
1. R grade : Inactive rosin flux
2 . RMA : Weak activity rosin flux
3 . RA : Strong activity of rosin flux
4 . RSA : Super Strong activity of rosin flux

(2) Synthesis of active flux : This kind of flux is developed by DUPONT company, it’s advantage is can make the residue which caused after soldering can become liquid state, easily for cleaning.
Based on activity, it can be divided into: 
SR–No active synthetic flux
SMAR – Weak active synthetic flux
SSAR – Strong active synthetic flux
SAR – Super strong active synthetic flux

(3). Water-soluble flux: The flux of organic acids, performs best help on welding, but must pay attention to the cleaning situation of the base board of welding after washing. If there’s residues, it will cause corrosion of substrate material, military and aerospace industry are banning the use of water-soluble flux process of substrate

(4). Disposable flux
Rosin kind improved flux: solid content 5-20%, residues will not cause corrosion to the base plate.

Low content of solid flux: solid content at 5%,  disposable flux disposable because its residue in the residues of substrate could not cause corrosion of substrate, but solid content in about 5% of

PCBs Fabrication of Exposure---WonderfulPCB(hk)Limited

The photo resist board needs to be exposed to ultra-violet light through the artwork, using a UV exposure box.

UV exposure units can easily be made using standard fluorescent lamp ballasts and UV tubes. For small PCBs, two or four 8 watt 12" tubes will be adequate, for larger (A3) units, four 15" 15 watt tubes are ideal. To determine the tube to glass spacing, place a sheet of tracing paper on the glass and adjust the distance to get the most even light level over the surface of the paper. Even illumination is a lot easier to obtain with 4-tube units. The UV tubes you need are those sold either as replacements for UV exposure units, insect killers or 'black light' tubes for disco lighting etc. They look white or occasionally black/blue when off, and light up with a light purple, which makes fluorescent paper etc. glow brightly. DO NOT use short-wave UV lamps like EPROM eraser tubes or germicidal lamps, which have clear glass - these emit short-wave UV which can cause eye and skin damage.
A timer which switches off the UV lamps automatically is essential, and should allow exposure times from 2 to 10 minutes in 15-30 second increments. It is useful if the timer has an audible indication when the timing period has completed. A timer from a scrap microwave oven would be ideal.

Short-term eye exposure to the correct type of UV lamp is not harmful, but can cause discomfort, especially with bigger units. Use glass sheet rather than plastic for the top of the UV unit, as it will flex less and be less prone to scratches.
If you do a lot of Multilayer pcb, it may be worth making a double-sided exposure unit, where the PCB can be sandwiched between two light sources to expose both sides simultaneously.

You will need to experiment to find the required exposure time for a particular UV unit and laminate type, expose a test piece in 30 second increments from 2 to 8 minutes, develop and use the time which gave the best image. Generally speaking, overexposure is better than underexposure.

For a single-sided PCB, place the artwork with toner side up on the UV box glass, peel off the protective film from the laminate and place it sensitive side down on top of the artwork. The laminate must be pressed firmly down to ensure good contact all over the artwork, and this can be done either by placing weights on the back of the laminate, or by fitting the UV box with a hinged lid lined with foam rubber, which can be used to clamp the PCB and artwork.

Ms. Jodie Zhou
Wonderful PCB
T +86-755-86229518-807 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful09@wonderfulpcb.com |
www.wonderfulpcb.com | Skype: jodiezhou0710  | MSN: wonderfulpcb06@hotmail.com
Welcome to our trading shows:
1. Booth:  L32, Expo Electronics 2013, Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO, Moscow, Russia
2. Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, and Hong Kong 
3. Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong

OEM PCB and PCBA----Wonderful PCB(hk)Limited

Total product solution often requires Flexible pcb production and assembly which we offer our clients. Among the different types of OEM products we produce are complete /partial turnkey manufacturing including BOM building+ Material procurement and management assurance.

In the PCBA lines we have the most advanced machinery that include Lead-Free Capability, BGA SMT placement, Conventional ‘thru-hole’ PCB assembly. For the testing we offer In-Circuit Test, Analogue/ Digital functional test equipment, Customized testing programs and fixtures.
Wonderful PCB well trained engineering stuff will be happy to learn your needs and reply accordingly just let us know -we can assure you will be satisfied from the results...
Printed circuit board is wide application in all kinds of electronic products. The aluminum PCB is use LED light.
Wonderful PCB is professional manufacturer of high quality PCB&PCBA with competitive price and attractive lead time.
NO MOQ:
We supply PCB Prototype & Mass production with good price and high quality.              

All the PCB is reaching IPC II Standard.                                         
In as much as Wonderful PCB has no control over the use to which others may put the material, each user of the material is not released of making his own tests to determine the material’s suitability for his own particular use. Statements concerning possible or suggested uses of the materials described herein are not be construed as constituting a license under any Wonderful PCB patent application covering such use or as recommendations for use of such materials in the infringement of any patent.
Lamination assist had Kraft press pad, silicon rubber press pad, Teflon release film, pressure revealing films. With the description of provide uniform cushioning and precise control over heat rise and long life (up to 150 uses) and faster lay-up. Put talcum powder before use.

Our pressure revealing film is a unique analytical tool. Provides a quick, easy and accurate in-house procedure for checking for “high” and “low” pressure zones due to press platen misalignments or the design configuration (pads, high density circuitry, ground planes, etc.) of the circuit board itself

PCB Test

More intensive PCB, higher bus speeds and analog RF circuits, etc. have put to the test with unprecedented challenges , this environment functional test requires careful design and thoughtful testing methods and the proper tools in order to provide credible test results , adequate preparation and careful screening tool will be able to achieve a multiplier effect .
Significance

Functional test is becoming more and more important , however, the online tests, and the PCB board design technology development test range will be limited. Although the programming software environment has made great progress, help to overcome some of these difficulties , but if you want to follow your successful implementation of functional testing test strategy , there are many issues that need to be done to avoid and more thorough preparation . This paper describes the successful implementation of functional testing should consider a number of factors and coping methods and strategies . Electronic functional test has its ups and downs of history, the late 1960s it was the first automated test method , with the late 1970s online testing technology, functional testing seems destined to give way to determine the increasingly quick and easy programming and online test . Today, however, the trend has changed. Online testing is currently a growing problem , namely detection methods . According to the U.S. NEMI ( National Electronics Manufacturing Organization ) analysis can detect the end of 2003 nodes essentially zero, if unable to be detected , then the online test almost useless.

Function test is increasingly more for the production line process, even used for the middle of the test process , but the system and method of the previous embodiment is almost completely different tests . Today, in most cases, the test system is faster and more compact structure , function test for verifying the overall functionality of the product , maintenance, calibration information , provides data to ISO9000 and to ensure high-risk products , such as medical equipment, quality , etc. are indispensable.

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful PCB Limited
NO.32A,Building NO.1, XianDaiC hengHuaTing,ChuangYeRoad|NanShan District,ShenZhen City 518054|  China  T +86-755-86229518-806 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful08@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-07   |                                                   
Welcome to our trading shows:
1.Booth: L32,Expo Electronic 2013,Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO,Moscow,Russia
2.Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources  Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
3.Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th,2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
4.Booth: 70206, CES  2014  Jan,8th-11th in Las Vegas, USA

Wonderful PCB Manufacturer

Common PCB surface treatment process are: hot air leveling (HASL, hot air solder leveling), organic coating (OSP), electroless nickel / immersion gold, immersion silver, immersion tin, etc.

1)HASL，hot air solder leveling
    HASL also known as hot air solder leveling, it is in the molten tin-coated surface of the PCB and use heated air leveling (blown flat) process, to form a layer of copper oxide can be both anti provide good solderability of the coating layer. HASL solder and copper usually formed with copper-tin metal compound has a thickness of about 1 ~ 2mil.

2)OSP
    Skim -> micro etch -> Pickling -> water cleaning -> organic coating -> cleaning, process control relative to other treatment processes more easily.

3)Electroless Nickel / Immersion Gold (also known as chemical gold)
    Clean off the pickling -> micro-etch -> grep -> activate -> Electroless Nickel -> chemical leaching of gold; their process of six chemical tank, involving nearly a hundred kinds of chemicals, the process is relatively complicated.

4)Immersion Silver
    Immersion Silver is a displacement reaction, it is almost sub-micron silver coating. Sometimes silver leaching process can also contain organic compounds, mainly to prevent migration of silver silver corrosion and eliminate the problem, this is very difficult to measure out a thin layer of organic matter, analysis showed less than 1% by weight of the organism.

5)Immersion Tin
Due to the current all tin-based solder is, the tin layer with any type of solder to match, from this point of view, immersion tin process is very promising. But previous PCB via solder dipping process easy after whisker, welding and tin migration over soldering shall bring reliability problems, thus limiting the immersion tin process of adoption. After immersion tin solution, the organic additive, the granular structure of the tin layer structure to overcome the previous problem, but also has good thermal stability and weldability.

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful Rigid-flex pcb Limited
NO.32A,Building NO.1, XianDaiC hengHuaTing,ChuangYeRoad|NanShan District,ShenZhen City 518054|  China  T +86-755-86229518-806 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful08@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-07   |                                                  
Welcome to our trading shows:
1.Booth: L32,Expo Electronic 2013,Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO,Moscow,Russia
2.Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources  Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
3.Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th,2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
4.Booth: 70206, CES  2014  Jan,8th-11th in Las Vegas, USA

FPC assembly Pallets features

I would like to introduce the comparison between Magnetic reflow pallets and silica gel plate.

A. Stability: magnetic reflow pallet in magnetic state to even out the FPC, as the physical process,magnetic may increase or decrease according to request, don't change due to factors such astemperature, time, relatively stable.Silica gel plate adopt chemistry, will change under differenttemperature or Time or other condition, which lack of stability. Especially in the use of a certainperiod of time after a drop in viscosity, and not clean viscosity decreased during us, which cause FPC substrate deformation while crossing the reflow soldering and affect the welding quality.

B. Usage Life: magnetic reflow tray used in magnetic material and working principle of physicalprocess, are high temperature resistant material,As long as it's not  destroyed by man or at accident situation, it can be permanent online.  statecan use permanent damage and accidents.Silica gel plate in use process, USES the chemical process,Inuse process, it will be aging of due to silicone materials, including Japan's material, no more than1000 times return.The cost is very high.

C. Quality: magnetic reflow pallet at work on FPC insulating protection at the same time, FPC won’t be destroyed when workman pick up the FPC.Silica gel plate in use process to ensure the smooth ofFPC, has certain viscosity,and will stick to FPC, which will be difficulty for picking up FPC andmay cause FPC deformation.

Comparison between Magnetic reflow pallets and normal plateA.Quality: magnetic reflow pallet, because of FPC flat surface cause from the steel, reflowsoldering will be reduced during FPC flow, which can guarantee the stability of welding quality,reduce adverse.Ordinary tray can only be used with high temperature tape around the FPC, afterreflow soldering, which easy to cause deformation to the middle part of FPC, tin water to overflow, cause badwelding, which will affect the quality. At the same time, magneticReflow soldering tray can reduce some difficulty, like can avoid the high temperature stick to Flexible pcblead to hard FPC being picked up or flexible PCB deformation.

Cost: magnetic reflow soldering tray, convenient to use,  reduce prework workers, and the personto take off the tape after reflow soldering, at meanwhile, can reduce the use amount of the hightemperature tape. Investment is bigger at first time to magnetic reflow soldering tray, however, ithas cost advantage for mass production.

Several classification of flexible printed circuit board

At present, mainly has the single side, double side, multilayer flexible circuit and Flexible pcb just four.


(1) single flexible plate is the lowest cost, when the PCB for electrical demand is not high.When single wiring, should choose single flexible plate.It has a layer of chemical etching of conductive graphics, in the flexible conductive graphics layer on the surface of the insulating substrate for rolled copper foil.Insulating base material can be polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, aromatic polyamide fiber resin and PVC.


(2) double flexible plate is on the two sides each have a layer of insulating base film etching made of conductive graphics.Metallized hole to both sides of the insulation materials connection form a conductive path, in order to meet the deflection design and use of the function.While covering film can protect the single and double wires and components placed.


(3) multilayer flexible plate is a level 3 or more layers of single sided or double sided laminated flexible circuit together, through the drill away L form hole metallization, electroplating, the formation of a conductive path between different layers.So, do not need to adopt the complex welding process.Multilayer circuit in higher reliability, better thermal conductivity and convenient assembly has huge function differences in performance.When designing the layout, assembly shall be taken into consideration, layer number and size of flexible influence each other.


(4) the traditional just flexible plate is made from rigid and flexible substrate has a choice of formation pressure together.Structure closely to metallization away L form electrical connection.If a PCB is, opposite element, just flexible plate is a good choice.But if all the components are on one side, selects the double flexible plate, and on the back of the laminated layer on FR4 reinforced material, will be more economic.


Hybrid structure is a kind of sandwich plate, flexible circuit conductive layer made of different metals.A eight layer plate using FR - 4 as inner layer medium, the use of polyimide as outer medium, out from three different direction of the main board, lead each wire made of different metals.Constantan alloy, copper and gold as independent lead, respectively.This kind of hybrid structure is mostly used in electrical signal conversion and is quite harsh relationship and performance of heat transformation of low temperature circumstances, is the only feasible solution.


Even through the design and how easy it is to evaluate the total cost, in order to achieve the best performance/cost ratio.

PCB design and PCB manufacture

In the increasing developed electronic industry, no matter manufacturing for a large multinational tech company or a small electronics company, PCB assembly can be riddled with numerous challenges. Effective assembly requires smooth collaboration between designers, fabricators and manufacturers in order to deliver a high quality circuit board to the market. Mistakes made in design can hold grave consequences to the whole organization, especially where the design failures result in substandard products reaching the market.

Design Services
The design of PCB board (PCBs) is one of the most important steps in manufacturing a quality electronic device. The functionality and efficiency of your electronics depend on the design and layout out of the board (or "brain") of the gadget, meaning that nothing can be left to chance. Through careful attention to detail, the board can be designed to meet all product specifications without wasting any space or utilizing excessive components. A truly qualified electronic design and manufacture contractor can provide you with numerous solutions throughout the design process, such as:

Prototyping - If you have an idea for a device, it can be created - as long as you have the right resources at your fingertips. The design services provided by PCB Company can help to bring your prototype to life, quickly and efficiently. The fast-turnaround will enable you to familiarize yourself with your device, so that you can explain and present it to your prospect clients for future orders. And careful, detailed planning ensures that your product will operate without a hitch.

Review - These individuals have years of industry experience, enabling them to quickly spot any flaws in your design schematics, or areas that could be improved. Ultimately, this could result in more compact, affordable boards, and a faster, more efficient device.

Reworking - In some cases, your team may be stuck on a problem with one of your boards. However, engineers could have experience to help to check and rework these problems.

Manufacturing Assembly Services

It's very important to turn your designs into a reality with skill, speed, and precision.

Skillful assembly production - A reliable electronic design and manufacture company will have a comprehensive understanding of the demands of systems assembly. Assembly Company should have the ability to provide you with a customized solution that may include services like configure/build to order, assembly at the chassis, cage, or rack level, custom cabling, documentation, etc. All of this should be handled in direct compliance with industry standards.


Troubleshoot and repair - Beyond manufacturing, your third party contractor should stand behind its electronic design and manufacture services to the point where it offers troubleshooting and repair for the devices that it produces. By taking the time to systematically seek out the underlying issue at its source, your partner company can help you to repair your boards without being forced to replace the unit entirely. This helps your business to save significantly on time and money.

PCB, CCL application CQC authentication problem solving-（2）---Wonderful PCB (hk) Limited

7, application considerations of CQC standard sample production?
A: cQc application process, a lot of samples, such as single, double-sided and multilayer Rigid-flex pcb must be in accordance with the relevant standard production standard test pattern. , therefore, should read carefully the sample when making standard graphics shows that for the appearance of the sample size, drilling and welding plate diameter, width of wire spacing, especially the laminated lining graphical distribution of parameters such as pay special attention to, in order to reduce due to the improper understanding during sample preparation and the amount of time the sample error.

Handheld PCB APP: China PCB enterprise transformation for the first time

Recently, handheld PCB APP successful online, industry insiders call is the first time China PCB enterprise transformation at mobile world. Here, near the palm circuit board APP together, find out the palm circuit board.

As a thought for individuals and businesses to provide convenient PCB industry information consulting service as the starting point of mobile applications, handheld PCB APP funnel circuit board manufacturing companies throughout the country and surrounding service related information, collection industry information, supply and demand of business opportunities, business yellow pages, map location, a key contact calls, and other functions in one body.

Handheld PCB APP team using the most advanced computer technology and mobile Internet platform, break the regional barriers, consulting PCB market barriers, trade barriers, to provide users with a cross-regional barrier-free service platform online trading market, implements the palm trading across the whole PCB market area.

Users only need to click browse the business of supply and demand and online mall two-step, cross-regional palm trading can be realized. Through the business opportunities section of supply and demand, handheld PCB APP integration provides the latest and most complete circuit board industry supply and demand information, including Flexible pcb circuit board processing manufacturing and maintenance services for online purchase order information. Handheld PCB open to all apple users APP business opportunities section of supply and demand, whether personal or corporate users, all can realize online release supply and demand information.

Through online mall, handheld PCB APP online trading services to provide users with a key, can not only satisfy all customers for PCB industry opportunities and expand the service demand, also provide a PCB related products quotation and product information Here, the user can realize the online contact, negotiate advisory transactions

Handheld PCB APP for its convenient pocket browsing, powerful mobile applications, and the professional authoritative information for handheld users provides a rich variety of circuit board industry practical information platform. Most importantly, handheld PCB APP using mobile Internet technology, to realize the whole PCB cross-regional palm trading market, for the whole PCB industry to expand the potential of mobile market development space. Have to admit, apple PCB APP as China PCB enterprise transformation work debut mobile Internet world is a gorgeous debut.

PCB, CCL application CQC authentication problem solving----Wonderful PCB (hk) Limited

1, why the CQC reference standard or s very long?
A: for CQC application standard, we search the IEC standard, is not the latest version of PCB in national standard is equal to the IEC standard, release s mostly in 1990 and 1991.
2, after the official launch of the new standards, CQC will update?
A: yes, according to the national standard committee of planning, will officially issued the new standard by the end of the year. At the appointed time, cQc will also be revised according to the new standard.
3, PCB in the process of application CQC, is there a required for base material certification?
Answer: in terms of certification: PCB when applying for CQC certification, the base material of the CQC certification or certification number must be provided. However, given the current China's actual operation situation, CQC for ccL data passing through the UL certification as a reference. Company at the time of applying for cQc, along with all the will of base material uL certification and cQc certification. If the base material didn't pass any certification, so, must be CQC certification or random test base material.
4, basic application CQC certification process?
Answer: (1) on the cQc website complete qualified application materials. Note: PCB product categories are: non-metallic materials and components performance logo certification (134 kinds) printed circuit board in small classes (134001);
(2) the CQC product certification engineer for data review, cell division, is expected to deliver and test quotation, order to notice;
(3) the enterprise according to the requirements of standard sample preparation and CQC authorization to the lab for testing; At the same time, please pay;
(4)Circuit boards test result after testing organizations will report to China quality certification center;

PCB Common Query (2)

Thickness
1. Lay-up
In DWG, customer mentioned layer order only, but didn’t indicate the dielectric thickness between layers and Copper thickness. So, we suggest you follow the lay-up shown on attached file XX, Please confirm.

2. Mismatch between the lay-up and board thickness
According to the lay-up specified by customer, the overall board thickness will be XXX mil, not the customer nominal requirement of YYY mil. So, we suggest:
A). To follow the lay-up specified by customer and change the overall Rigid-flex pcb thickness to YYY mil +/-10%
B). To modify the lay-up as shown on attached file and control the overall board thickness to be XXX mil per customer requirement.
Please clarify which item (A or B) customer preferred.

3. Relax board thickness tolerance.
Customer required controlling the finished board thickness to be XX%, however, the standard tolerance for board thickness is +/-10%. We can achieve tighter tolerance by ordering non-standard materials; however, it will take a long lead-time and a high price to purchase this special material. So, we suggest you relax the tolerance from XX% to +/-10%. Please confirm.

Cu thickness & Pad
1. Add Cu clearance for NPTH or consider 2nd-drill
The non-plated hole located in ground plane(OR a large pad: DIAXXX), in order to facilitate in production, we suggest we shave Cu and add a 10mil clearance around non-plated holes. Please confirm.

2. Add dummy pattern
As the distribution of Cu pattern is very uneven on outer layers, in order to balance plating and improve quality, we suggest you add some dummy pattern in blank area. The dummy shape and size see attached file. Please confirm.

3. Copper close to board edge
In some locations, copper features are closer than 15mil(10mil) from the outline. This presents the risk of exposed copper at board edges. We suggest we shave copper to get sufficient spacing. Please confirm.

4. Copper extending to unit edge
In some locations, copper has extended to unit edge. If we follow master A/W to build, copper will be exposed at unit edge. So, we suggest we shave copper to get sufficient spacing. Please confirm.

5. Delete NPTH pad
For some non-plated holes(DIA: XX), their pad size(DIA: XXX) is larger than hole size. In order to facilitate in production, we suggest you delete these pads. Please confirm.

6. Distance between two pads less than 4mil
On component side/solder side, the spacing between two pads is too narrow (X mil only). As the two pads have been connected together in inner layer YY. In order to facilitate in production, we suggest we shave the pads and keep 5mil spacing. Please confirm.

7. Pad size is too small
According to master A/W the via hole pad is too small (hole size: MMM, pad size: NNN). As there isn’t enough spacing for us to enlarge these pads. In order to select a smaller drill we suggest you change the tolerance of via hole from XXXX+/-3mil to XXXX+0/-6mil. Please confirm.

8. PTH hole with elliptic pad
Per master artwork, we found some PTH holes (DIA: XXX mil) with elliptic pad (pad size: MM X NN mil) (see attached file).AS the elliptic pad was too small, thus it was ineluctable that hole will be broken on short side if we follow master artwork to proceed We suggest to enlarge the pad suitably to guarantee a 2 mil (min)annular ring on the conjoint area, please confirm.

PCB Prototype Assembly Services

The evolution of our world's technology is truly astounding. In the past decades, we've made great leaps and bounds in terms of what our electronic devices are capable of accomplishing, and things are only getting better. Technological engineers and electronics designers are continuously dreaming up new ways to improve existing products, as well as completely original ideas for simplifying everyday life and tasks. But how does this process occur, exactly?

Every bit of technology - from the smallest, consumer electronic gadget to complex healthcare and aerospace units - begins with an idea. From here, plans can be made to develop a working prototype in order to test the capabilities of the device and to determine whether the idea is worth investing in, or how it can be further expounded upon in order to make it more operable, functional, and efficient. Every step in designing and assembling the prototype is essential to enabling the simple dream to become a reality. To give you a better idea of the process, this post will walk you through the life cycle of a prototype.

The Idea Phase
At this point, you or one of your clients may have a thought for how to improve an existing unit or device, or for creating something brand new. Here, you discuss what the PC board should be able to accomplish, what the functions of the device should be, and the sizing requirements for the unit and, therefore, for the board.

The Design Phase
Once you have a good idea but any size constraints for the board and know what it is that you want to be able to do with it, you can begin actually planning and designing the schematics for the PCB development for the prototype. You'll need to consider the necessary components for achieving your objectives, and how these will factor into the layering and thickness of the board, as well as any budgetary concerns.

The PCBA manufacturer Phase
After the design schematics have been tested out and approved, the board is ready to be assembled for the working prototype. In order to ensure that the PCB will be functional, efficient, and effective, it's important that all settings are properly calibrated (for automated processing), and that the use of the most advanced equipment is utilized so that every component is laid out and connected with the utmost precision, while still maintaining speed.

The Testing Phase
After the board has been assembled, it will need to be subjected to testing. First, you or your contract manufacturer will need to analyze the PCB to ensure that it's actually functioning in accordance with the client's specifications and the design schematics that were previously drawn up. Any inconsistencies or errors will need to be troubleshooted and addressed before the board is presented to the client. From here, the client may want to run their own set of tests, and actually test out the use and functionality of the device as a working whole before making a decision about ordering a larger batch.

The Adjustment Phase
After testing out the initial prototype, you or your client may notice certain areas that could be improved upon, which would make the end product more efficient and effective. After making not of these areas, you may need to go back to the original specs and make some adjustments before mass assembling the final PC boards.

A Never Ending Cycle
Even after a prototype has been approved for mass production and has made its way to the end user, its evolutionary cycle is never actually complete. As technology advances, it will be discovered that the existing device can be improved upon, or even eventually replaced, by something better, but that's what makes the world of technology so exciting! As long as dreamers are coming up with new ideas, we'll be ready to take on the challenge of developing prototypes that may end up changing the world.

Printed Circuit Board Words

1、印制电路：printed circuit
2、印制线路：printed wiring
3、印制板：printed board
4、印制板电路：printed circuit board (PCB)
5、印制线路板：printed wiring board(PWB)
6、印制元件：printed component
7、印制接点：printed contact
8、印制板装配：printed board assembly
9、板：board
10、单面印制板：single-sided printed board(SSB)
11、双面印制板：double-sided printed board(DSB)
12、多层印制板：mulitlayer printed board(MLB)
13、多层印制电路板：mulitlayer printed circuit board
14、多层印制线路板：mulitlayer prited wiring board
15、刚性印制板：rigid printed board
16、刚性单面印制板：rigid single-sided printed borad
17、刚性双面印制板：rigid double-sided printed borad
18、刚性多层印制板：rigid multilayer printed board
19、挠性多层印制板：flexible multilayer printed board
20、挠性印制板：flexible printed board
21、挠性单面印制板：flexible single-sided printed board
22、挠性双面印制板：flexible double-sided printed board
23、挠性印制电路：flexible printed circuit (FPC)
24、挠性印制线路：flexible printed wiring
25、刚性印制板：flex-rigid printed board, rigid-flex printed board
26、刚性双面印制板：flex-rigid double-sided printed board, rigid-flex double-sided printed
27、刚性多层印制板：flex-rigid multilayer printed board, rigid-flex multilayer printed board
28、齐平印制板：flush printed board
29、金属芯印制板：metal core printed board
30、金属基印制板：metal base printed board
31、多重布线印制板：mulit-wiring printed board
32、陶瓷印制板：ceramic substrate printed board
33、导电胶印制板：electroconductive paste printed board
34、模塑电路板：molded circuit board
35、模压印制板：stamped printed wiring board
36、顺序层压多层印制板：sequentially-laminated mulitlayer
37、散线印制板：discrete wiring board
38、微线印制板：micro wire board
39、积层印制板：buile-up printed board
40、积层多层印制板：build-up mulitlayer printed board (BUM)
41、积层挠印制板：build-up flexible printed board
42、表面层合电路板：surface laminar circuit (SLC)
43、埋入凸块连印制板：B2it printed board
44、多层膜基板：multi-layered film substrate(MFS)
45、层间全内导通多层印制板：ALIVH multilayer printed board
46、载芯片板：chip on board (COB)
47、埋电阻板：buried resistance board
48、母板：mother board
49、子板：daughter board
50、背板：backplane
51、裸板：bare board

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful PCB Limited
NO.32A,Building NO.1, XianDaiC hengHuaTing,ChuangYeRoad|NanShan District,ShenZhen City 518054|  China  T +86-755-86229518-806 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful08@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-07   |                                                   
Welcome to our trading shows:
1.Booth: L32,Expo Electronic 2013,Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO,Moscow,Russia
2.Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources  Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
3.Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th,2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
4.Booth: 70206, CES  2014  Jan,8th-11th in Las Vegas, USA

Some other PCB concepts to explore

Soldermask – If I had to guess what you think of when I say “PCB” I would bet that it is probably something green. Did you know that PCB’s are not this color as a result of what material is used? This is in fact another layer that is applied to the board after manufacturing. The purpose is to keep solder paste from spreading where it shouldn’t be, but it also has the effect of giving the board a definite style.
Fiducials – These are special markings on your board that allow a pick-and-place automated assembly machine to calibrate itself. Fiducials are usually just a circle where the soldermask has not been applied with copper circle in the middle. This makes the point appear fairly reflective.
Silkscreen – This is also another layer of the Flexible pcb added after fabrication. Silkscreen is used to provide visual cues to the user, document board information, identify proper component placement, or for branding. There are conflicting suggestions on proper usage of silkscreen and I will address this in part 2.
Copper fill - Deciding whether to use a ground/power plane in your design will be an important decision to make during the design stage. The most common reasons for using a copper fill are to suppress noise on the ground circuitry, dissipate heat from a particularly active device, or because someone told you that was the way to do it.
That’s enough of learning what goes into PCBs though, let’s discuss how to get started on your design.

Following will be continued in next chapter.

Shirley Xia
Oversea sales
Wonderful PCB

A Floor 6, Nanyuan Fengye Mansion, Nanshan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518054, China.
T +86-755-86229518-821 / Cell phone and whatsApp:008613480796172
F  +86 755 2607 3529|
e  wonderful25@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-pcb02
Welcome to our trading shows:
Booth: 9G27, HK Globalsources Oct.11-14th,2014 AsiaWorld-Expo, Hongkong
Booth：A3.274-1，2014.11.11-2014.11.14，the Electronica in Munich, Germany

PCB production

Typically, PCB manufacturers specially prepared PCB prototype and Aluminum pcb manufacturing for all positions, not only in style but also need to be prepared with difficulty PCB prototype PCB style.

The fact is, PCB fabrication updated with the latest manufacturing technology, it is merciless comes to provide the necessary products, is using PCB. Therefore, people now days are very lucky because modern electronic products and commodities as processing and manufacturing of these important printed circuit board. Supporters of PCB manufacturing so I do not consider their own ignorance, or do not realize that modern PCB technologies. As a fact, a variety of PCB has become larger and more widespread prosperity. These recent developments led the company's efforts in the pursuit of greater efforts to meet the demand of these products should have. Therefore, processing, manufacturing, and design have become the effective implementation of the PCB in their field. This is not surprising, because the company is equipped with advanced high-end PCB equipment is critical to achieve and prototype stages of the product.

The placement of the elements must be clear plans must also have a range of levels, the so when there is a modification in the technical one without redesigning the complete PCB. Add or change a smaller can help prepare an upgrade PCB thus saving a lot of cash. Typically, a single production difficulties PCB likely require more than a skilled, for the number of pilot projects. In these kinds of cases, PCB are usually very high price; take a lot of tiles you want to create.