How to design a PCB( Printed Circuit Board ) ?

WDF-FPC-M-37,4 layer,wonderfulpcb.com

Initially PCBs were designed manually by creating a photomask on a clear mylar sheet, usually at two or four times the true size. Starting from the schematic diagram the component pin pads were laid out on the mylar and then traces were routed to connect the pads. Rub-on dry transfers of common component footprints increased efficiency. Traces were made with self-adhesive tape. Pre-printed non-reproducing grids on the mylar assisted in layout. To fabricate the board, the finished photomask was photolithographically reproduced onto a photoresist coated on the blank copper-clad boards.

Nowadays PCBs are designed with dedicated layout software, generally in the following steps:

1.Schematic capture through an electronic design automation (EDA) tool.

2.Card dimensions and template are decided based on required circuitry and case of the PCB.

3.The positions of the components and heat sinks are determined.

4.Layer stack of the PCB is decided, with one to tens of layers depending on complexity. Ground and power planes are decided. A power plane is the counterpart to a ground plane and behaves as an AC signal ground while providing DC power to the circuits mounted on the PCB. Signal interconnections are traced on signal planes. Signal planes can be on the outer as well as inner layers. For optimal EMI performance high frequency signals are routed in internal layers between power or ground planes.

5.Line impedance is determined using dielectric layer thickness, routing copper thickness and trace-width. Trace separation is also taken into account in case of differential signals. Microstrip, stripline or dual stripline can be used to route signals.

6.Components are placed. Thermal considerations and geometry are taken into account. Vias and lands are marked.

7.Signal traces are routed. Electronic design automation tools usually create clearances and connections in power and ground planes automatically.

8.Gerber files are generated for manufacturing.

For further detailes, please contact wonderful09@wonderfulpcb.com.

How to customize a PCB ?

As a customer of PCB industry, you may often ask: How can I customize a PCB board? Why can’t the PCB manufacturer ( or PCBA manufacturer ) follow my requirements?

Actually, you should ask yourself first: Have I got a design document?

Well, to customize a PCB board, you need to offer a design document first which is called a “Gerber file”, it is used to describe your requirements for the PCB board you’d like to customize.

What will be contained in a Gerber file?

① Layer count
② Delivery size
③ Surface finished (such as: HASL, ENIG)
④ Material (such as: FR1, FR4,FR2, CEM-1)
⑤ Board thickness
⑥ Copper thickness
⑦ Solder mask

Items above, they make it each other possible. Otherwise, it may cost engineering problems.

Is it absolutely necessary to have a Gerber file?

Fortunately, it is not if you happened to have a sample PCB board and want a large number of that. You simply send the sample PCB board to the PCB manufacturer works for you, and then all you need to do is enjoying a short wait until the PCB manufacturer send back a host of PCBs, each one of which is the same as the one you send to them.

For PCBA, a BOM list ( BOM-Bill of material ) is necessary during customization.

Pay attention that you should make sure the list providing as many details as possible about the used materials. Otherwise, it may cost engineering problems.

In conclusion, if you want to customize a PCB board or get some PCBA services, you need to find a high quality, experienced PCB manufacturer or PCBA manufacturer and offer your Gerber file, sample PCB board, or BOM list as your requirements.

WONDERFULPCB.COM

Aluminum board process-B

5.4 board inspection
5.4.1 line surface must be in accordance with the requirements of the MI to check all the content.
5.4.2 must check on aluminum surface, aluminum surface dry film cannot have film falls and broken.
5.5 etching
5.5.1 for copper base is commonly 4 oz, will there is a certain difficulty in etching.First plate must be approved by the captain in person to do board, made in the spot check, line width, line spacing should be strengthened once every 10 PNL plate spot check line width, and make records.
5.5.2 recommended parameters: speed: 7 ~ 11 dm/min pressure: 2.5 kg/cm2 proportion: 25 be temperature: 55 ℃ (the above parameters are for reference only, the test plate results shall prevail)
5.5.3 back membrane should be paid attention to the time of the control between 4 ~ 6 min, because aluminium will reaction with NaOH, but also must ensure that the membrane clean, backing down membrane liquid membrane was not allowed to turn up the heat.No protective film of the plate, aluminum, from liquid membrane in the back up after the board will not stay to wash water on a board in time of liquid membrane, prevent the alkali corrosion of aluminum pcb surface.  
5.6 corrosion inspection
5.6.1 normal board.
5.6.2 it is forbidden to use the blade repair line, in order to avoid injury and dielectric layer.
5.7 the solder mask
5.7.1 production process:
Brush copper surface grinding plate (only) to screen printing green oil (the first), and preliminary drying screen printing green oil (second) and the preliminary drying - exposure and development - plate mill, the acid pickling process. Under the soft brush - after curing -
5.7.2 reference parameters:
5.7.2.1 yarn used 36 t + 100 t
First 75 ℃ 5.7.2.2 x 20-30 min;The second 75 ℃ x 20-30 min
5.7.2.3 exposure: 60/65 (single) 9 ~ 11
5.7.2.4 enhancement: speed: 1.6 ~ 1.8 m/min pressure: 3.0 kg/m2 (total pressure)
5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.   
5.8 HASL
5.8.1 spray before tin for aluminum plate with protective film tear protective film after spray tin.    
5.8.2 edge with both hands, it is strictly prohibited by hand directly touch the plate (especially aluminum surface).
5.8.3 operation, fight chafed.
5.8.4 tin cookie sheet before 130 ℃, 1 hour, and baking sheet to spray tin interval time less than 10 minutes.In order to avoid temperature difference cause a layered with ink.    
5.8.5 rework plate spray is only allowed to return once, if more than one board, to distinguish for special treatment.    
5.9 aluminum surface passivation treatment
5.9.1 level passivation process: (1) scrubbing brush (500 #) to (2) water - > (3) passivation, (4) washing the x 3-5. Dry - 6 drying
Note: (1) grinding plate: only aluminum surface grinding, FR4 parameter grinding plate.First board to check line no scratches, as well as the tin cried, uniform grinding crack.
(3)passivation: potion ingredients open cylinder quantity cylinder volume liquid temperature control concentration spraying in tank pressurization rate
Na2CO3 (CP) 50 g / 6500 g l, 130 l, 40 ~ 50 ℃ 2.0 ~ 3.0 1.0 ~ 1.5 m/min effective soaking time 10 ~ 15 s 100 m2 CP (K2CrO4) 15 g/l,  1950 g NaOH (CP) 390 g, 3 g/l
6 drying: 80 ~ 90 ℃.
Tyle = "the oledata.mso - spacerun: 'yes', the font size: 10.5000 pt; the font-family:" tahoma "; "> 5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.   
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.  

PCB Common Query (2)

Thickness
1. Lay-up
In DWG, customer mentioned layer order only, but didn’t indicate the dielectric thickness between layers and Copper thickness. So, we suggest you follow the lay-up shown on attached file XX, Please confirm.

2. Mismatch between the lay-up and board thickness
According to the lay-up specified by customer, the overall board thickness will be XXX mil, not the customer nominal requirement of YYY mil. So, we suggest:
A). To follow the lay-up specified by customer and change the overall Rigid-flex pcb thickness to YYY mil +/-10%
B). To modify the lay-up as shown on attached file and control the overall board thickness to be XXX mil per customer requirement.
Please clarify which item (A or B) customer preferred.

3. Relax board thickness tolerance.
Customer required controlling the finished board thickness to be XX%, however, the standard tolerance for board thickness is +/-10%. We can achieve tighter tolerance by ordering non-standard materials; however, it will take a long lead-time and a high price to purchase this special material. So, we suggest you relax the tolerance from XX% to +/-10%. Please confirm.

Cu thickness & Pad
1. Add Cu clearance for NPTH or consider 2nd-drill
The non-plated hole located in ground plane(OR a large pad: DIAXXX), in order to facilitate in production, we suggest we shave Cu and add a 10mil clearance around non-plated holes. Please confirm.

2. Add dummy pattern
As the distribution of Cu pattern is very uneven on outer layers, in order to balance plating and improve quality, we suggest you add some dummy pattern in blank area. The dummy shape and size see attached file. Please confirm.

3. Copper close to board edge
In some locations, copper features are closer than 15mil(10mil) from the outline. This presents the risk of exposed copper at board edges. We suggest we shave copper to get sufficient spacing. Please confirm.

4. Copper extending to unit edge
In some locations, copper has extended to unit edge. If we follow master A/W to build, copper will be exposed at unit edge. So, we suggest we shave copper to get sufficient spacing. Please confirm.

5. Delete NPTH pad
For some non-plated holes(DIA: XX), their pad size(DIA: XXX) is larger than hole size. In order to facilitate in production, we suggest you delete these pads. Please confirm.

6. Distance between two pads less than 4mil
On component side/solder side, the spacing between two pads is too narrow (X mil only). As the two pads have been connected together in inner layer YY. In order to facilitate in production, we suggest we shave the pads and keep 5mil spacing. Please confirm.

7. Pad size is too small
According to master A/W the via hole pad is too small (hole size: MMM, pad size: NNN). As there isn’t enough spacing for us to enlarge these pads. In order to select a smaller drill we suggest you change the tolerance of via hole from XXXX+/-3mil to XXXX+0/-6mil. Please confirm.

8. PTH hole with elliptic pad
Per master artwork, we found some PTH holes (DIA: XXX mil) with elliptic pad (pad size: MM X NN mil) (see attached file).AS the elliptic pad was too small, thus it was ineluctable that hole will be broken on short side if we follow master artwork to proceed We suggest to enlarge the pad suitably to guarantee a 2 mil (min)annular ring on the conjoint area, please confirm.

Printed Circuit Board Words

1、印制电路：printed circuit
2、印制线路：printed wiring
3、印制板：printed board
4、印制板电路：printed circuit board (PCB)
5、印制线路板：printed wiring board(PWB)
6、印制元件：printed component
7、印制接点：printed contact
8、印制板装配：printed board assembly
9、板：board
10、单面印制板：single-sided printed board(SSB)
11、双面印制板：double-sided printed board(DSB)
12、多层印制板：mulitlayer printed board(MLB)
13、多层印制电路板：mulitlayer printed circuit board
14、多层印制线路板：mulitlayer prited wiring board
15、刚性印制板：rigid printed board
16、刚性单面印制板：rigid single-sided printed borad
17、刚性双面印制板：rigid double-sided printed borad
18、刚性多层印制板：rigid multilayer printed board
19、挠性多层印制板：flexible multilayer printed board
20、挠性印制板：flexible printed board
21、挠性单面印制板：flexible single-sided printed board
22、挠性双面印制板：flexible double-sided printed board
23、挠性印制电路：flexible printed circuit (FPC)
24、挠性印制线路：flexible printed wiring
25、刚性印制板：flex-rigid printed board, rigid-flex printed board
26、刚性双面印制板：flex-rigid double-sided printed board, rigid-flex double-sided printed
27、刚性多层印制板：flex-rigid multilayer printed board, rigid-flex multilayer printed board
28、齐平印制板：flush printed board
29、金属芯印制板：metal core printed board
30、金属基印制板：metal base printed board
31、多重布线印制板：mulit-wiring printed board
32、陶瓷印制板：ceramic substrate printed board
33、导电胶印制板：electroconductive paste printed board
34、模塑电路板：molded circuit board
35、模压印制板：stamped printed wiring board
36、顺序层压多层印制板：sequentially-laminated mulitlayer
37、散线印制板：discrete wiring board
38、微线印制板：micro wire board
39、积层印制板：buile-up printed board
40、积层多层印制板：build-up mulitlayer printed board (BUM)
41、积层挠印制板：build-up flexible printed board
42、表面层合电路板：surface laminar circuit (SLC)
43、埋入凸块连印制板：B2it printed board
44、多层膜基板：multi-layered film substrate(MFS)
45、层间全内导通多层印制板：ALIVH multilayer printed board
46、载芯片板：chip on board (COB)
47、埋电阻板：buried resistance board
48、母板：mother board
49、子板：daughter board
50、背板：backplane
51、裸板：bare board

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful PCB Limited
NO.32A,Building NO.1, XianDaiC hengHuaTing,ChuangYeRoad|NanShan District,ShenZhen City 518054|  China  T +86-755-86229518-806 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful08@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-07   |                                                   
Welcome to our trading shows:
1.Booth: L32,Expo Electronic 2013,Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO,Moscow,Russia
2.Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources  Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
3.Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th,2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
4.Booth: 70206, CES  2014  Jan,8th-11th in Las Vegas, USA

Some other PCB concepts to explore

Soldermask – If I had to guess what you think of when I say “PCB” I would bet that it is probably something green. Did you know that PCB’s are not this color as a result of what material is used? This is in fact another layer that is applied to the board after manufacturing. The purpose is to keep solder paste from spreading where it shouldn’t be, but it also has the effect of giving the board a definite style.
Fiducials – These are special markings on your board that allow a pick-and-place automated assembly machine to calibrate itself. Fiducials are usually just a circle where the soldermask has not been applied with copper circle in the middle. This makes the point appear fairly reflective.
Silkscreen – This is also another layer of the Flexible pcb added after fabrication. Silkscreen is used to provide visual cues to the user, document board information, identify proper component placement, or for branding. There are conflicting suggestions on proper usage of silkscreen and I will address this in part 2.
Copper fill - Deciding whether to use a ground/power plane in your design will be an important decision to make during the design stage. The most common reasons for using a copper fill are to suppress noise on the ground circuitry, dissipate heat from a particularly active device, or because someone told you that was the way to do it.
That’s enough of learning what goes into PCBs though, let’s discuss how to get started on your design.

Following will be continued in next chapter.

Shirley Xia
Oversea sales
Wonderful PCB

A Floor 6, Nanyuan Fengye Mansion, Nanshan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518054, China.
T +86-755-86229518-821 / Cell phone and whatsApp:008613480796172
F  +86 755 2607 3529|
e  wonderful25@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-pcb02
Welcome to our trading shows:
Booth: 9G27, HK Globalsources Oct.11-14th,2014 AsiaWorld-Expo, Hongkong
Booth：A3.274-1，2014.11.11-2014.11.14，the Electronica in Munich, Germany

The USA carmaker's visited----Wonderful PCB

Wonderful PCB with automated production and data networks -this is our forte. Specimen printed circuit board and mini-series in express service. Our overseas marketing office is located in Hong Kong mainly for overseas communications/contacts, engineering works handing orders and goods delivery/exports. Our company products widely used in communication medical, industrial control household appliances, etc; the products are mainly exported to Europe and America. Southeast Asia and Asia.

The USA carmaker is the first time visit Shenzhen, and the first step visit to Wonderful PCB. For auto parts, the requirement is very strict. Before that their company had made to review for Wonderful PCB manufacturer quality and production capacity. We can make more Car PCB with light PCB and Door PCB.

Information contained in this catalogue is believed to be accurate and is offered in good faith for the benefit of the consumer but is not binding and is provided without making any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, and without any liability.

In as much as Wonderful PCB has no control over the use to which others may put the material, each user of the material is not released of making his own tests to determine the material’s suitability for his own particular use. Statements concerning possible or suggested uses of the materials described herein are not be construed as constituting a license under any Wonderful PCB patent application covering such use or as recommendations for use of such materials in the infringement of any patent.

Lamination assist had Kraft press pad, silicon rubber press pad, Teflon release film, pressure revealing films. With the description of provide uniform cushioning and precise control over heat rise and long life (up to 150 uses) and faster lay-up. Put talcum powder before use.
Our pressure revealing film is a unique analytical tool. Provides a quick, easy and accurate in-house procedure for checking for “high” and “low” pressure zones due to press platen misalignments or the design configuration (pads, high density circuitry, ground planes, etc.) of the circuit board itself.

We are professional manufacturer of high quality with Aluminum pcb & PCBA with competitive price and attractive lead time.
Wonderful PCB in our job engineering and production planning! Films, data carriers or remote data transfer -we can adjust flexibly to all your needs. Rapid, rational processing of your orders. This reduces delivery times so that you can have your printed circuit boards at an earlier date

Ms. Jodie Zhou
Wonderful PCB
T +86-755-86229518-807 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful09@wonderfulpcb.com |
www.wonderfulpcb.com | Skype: wonderful-02   | MSN: wonderfulpcb06@hotmail.com
Welcome to our trading shows:
1. Booth:  L32, Expo Electronics 2013, Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO, Moscow, Russia
2. Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, and Hong Kong 
3. Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong

PCB Board and Its Advantages to the Industrial Setups 2----Wonderful PCB(hk)Limited

For the traces in the PCBs, copper is used as the most used material. Mechanics use several distinct methods to plating the entire board with copper. They then follow etching away process to uncover the traces from unwanted areas.

Engineers use more complex and critical methods to allow traces to be installed on to a bare Aluminum pcb board. During the fabrication process, some PCBs require the use of gold. This component is used for more sensitive, low-voltage applications or lead-free compliances. Use of nickel can be a huge loss to impedance in compare to a gold element.

If you are also interested to design and develop PCB boards you should spend a considerable amount of time to understanding the basics and advance logics of the prevailing   PCB designs in the electronics industry. You can take the advantage of a number of guide books and tutorials available in the market place.

If need any more information on PCB, you could check and source from this website: http://www.wonderfulpcb.com Wonderful PCB Technology Co., Ltd is a professional PCB manufacturer for many years and could try best to help!
.
Ms. Jodie Zhou
Wonderful PCB
T +86-755-86229518-807 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful09@wonderfulpcb.com |
www.wonderfulpcb.com | Skype: wonderful-02   | MSN: wonderfulpcb06@hotmail.com
Welcome to our trading shows:
1. Booth:  L32, Expo Electronics 2013, Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO, Moscow, Russia
2. Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, and Hong Kong 
3. Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong